21世紀(jì)以來(lái)，以出口“MadeinChina”產(chǎn)品為標(biāo)志的中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)生了巨大改變。一方面，據(jù)《時(shí)代周刊》(TIME)報(bào)道，以廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力制勝的時(shí)代即將結(jié)束。另一方面，中國(guó)消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買進(jìn)口奢侈品的潛力日益凸顯。這是近些年來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)以兩位數(shù)(double-digit)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的結(jié)果，而推動(dòng)這種增長(zhǎng)的是國(guó)內(nèi)大規(guī)模的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(infrastructure)和房地產(chǎn)建設(shè)，以及發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)出口產(chǎn)品的巨大需求。

Sincethe21stcentury,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina'seconomylabelledbythe“MadeinChina”exportgoods.Foronething,theeraofcheaplabormaycometoanendaccordingtotheTIMEmagazine.Foranother,Chineseconsumershaveshownagrowingpotentialinpurchasingimportluxurygoods.ThisissupportedbyChina'scontinuousdouble-digitgrowthovertherecentyears.Suchgrowthhasbeendrivenbythelargescaleconstructionofinfrastructureandrealestate,aswellasthehugedemandfromdevelopedcountriesforChina'sexportgoods.

中美貿(mào)易之所以能迅速發(fā)展，根本原因在于兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)具有極大的互補(bǔ)性(complementarity)。這種互補(bǔ)性，很大程度上是因?yàn)閮蓢?guó)在資源條件、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)以及消費(fèi)水平方面存在著很大的差異。中國(guó)是最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，市場(chǎng)廣闊，勞動(dòng)力成本低，但資金短缺、技術(shù)和管理相對(duì)落后。美國(guó)是最大的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量大，資本充足，科技發(fā)達(dá)，但勞動(dòng)力成本高。這種差異性在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的大背景下顯得更加突出。

ThefundamentalreasonforsucharapidgrowthinChina-UStradeliesinthehighdegreeofcomplementarityofthetwoeconomies,which,toalargeextent,stemsfromtheirgreatdifferencesinresources,economicstructuresandconsumptionlevels.Chinaistheworld'slargestdevelopingcountrywithahugemarketandlowcostoflabor,butshortincapitalandrelativelybackwardintechnologyandmanagement.Ontheotherhand,theUSistheworld'slargestdevelopedcountry,biginsize,abundantincapital,andadvancedinscienceandtechnology.ButthecostoflaborintheUSisveryhigh.Suchdifferenceislikelytobecomemoreprominentinthegeneralbackgroundofeconomicglobalization.

自1978年開(kāi)始實(shí)行改革***(reformandopening-up)政策以來(lái)，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)取得了飛躍性的發(fā)展。從1997年開(kāi)始，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)平均每年增長(zhǎng)7.7%，使中國(guó)成為世界上經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度最快的國(guó)家。2001年中國(guó)加入了世界貿(mào)易組織，加快了中國(guó)對(duì)外***的進(jìn)程。中國(guó)分別在2008年和2010年成功舉辦了奧運(yùn)會(huì)和世博會(huì)(theWorldExpo)，贏得了世界對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)注和喝彩。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)走改革***之路，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)(sustained)健康發(fā)展。

Sincetheimplementationofthepolicyofreformandopening-upin1978,China'seconomyhaswitnesseddramaticgrowth.Ithasbeengrowingatarateof7.7%peryearonaveragesince1997,whichmakesChinathecountrywiththefastesteconomicgrowth.TheentryintoWTOin2001hasenhancedChina'sprocessofopening-up.SuccessfullyholdingtheOlympicGamesin2008andtheWorldExpoin2010winsChina'seconomyattentionandcheersfromtheworld.Chinawillstayonthepathofreformandopening-up,andmaintainasustainedandhealthyeconomicgrowth.

全球化是描述全球社會(huì)時(shí)使用的一個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，即在這個(gè)社會(huì)中，世界上某一個(gè)區(qū)域在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、環(huán)境、文化方面發(fā)生的事件會(huì)很快對(duì)世界其他地區(qū)的人們產(chǎn)生影響。全球化是通信、運(yùn)輸、信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的結(jié)果。它體現(xiàn)了個(gè)體、社區(qū)、公司以及各國(guó)***間日益增長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、科技和文化方面的聯(lián)系。全球化也涉及多國(guó)公司和跨國(guó)公司的成長(zhǎng)。監(jiān)管世界貿(mào)易和金融的國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)在全球化時(shí)代發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用。

Globalizationisatermusedtodescribetheglobalsocietyinwhicheconomic,political,environmental,andculturaleventsinonepartoftheworldquicklyexertinfluenceonpeopleinotherpartsoftheworld.Globalizationistheresultofadvancesincommunication,transportationandinformationtechnologies.Itmanifeststhegrowingeconomic,political,technological,andculturallinkagesbetweenindividuals,communities,businesses,andgovernmentsaroundtheworld.Globalizationalsoinvolvesthegrowthofmultinationalcorporationsandtransnationalcorporations.Theinternationalinstitutionsthatoverseetheworldtradeandfinanceplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinthiseraofglobalization.

中國(guó)正不斷縮小與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在農(nóng)業(yè)科技領(lǐng)域的差距，科技進(jìn)步對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)率已由1949年的20%上升到現(xiàn)在的42%。農(nóng)業(yè)科技部門在生物技術(shù)、高新技術(shù)、基礎(chǔ)研究方面均取得較大進(jìn)展，植物細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)及其應(yīng)用研究處于世界先進(jìn)水平。大豆雜交(hybrid)優(yōu)勢(shì)利用研究也獲得了重大突破。與此同時(shí)，許多新的先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)也得以在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中廣泛應(yīng)用。

Inthesphereofagriculturalscienceandtechnology,Chinahasbeennarrowingitsgapwiththedevelopedcountries.ThecontributionrateofscientificandtechnologicalprogresstoChina'sagriculturehasincreasedfrom20percentin1949to42percenttoday.Theagriculturalsci-techdepartmentshavemadetremendousprogressinbio-technology,newandhightechnologyandbasicresearch,andthecultivationofplantcellsandresearchonitsapplicationhavealreadyreachedtheworldadvancedlevel.Animportantbreakthroughhasbeenmadeintheutilizationoftheadvantageofhybridbeans.Meanwhile,manynewadvancedscientifictechnologieshavefoundextensiveapplicationsinagriculturalproduction.

根據(jù)快遞企業(yè)(expressdeliveryenterprise)的性質(zhì)及規(guī)模，可將我國(guó)快遞企業(yè)分為四類。一是外資企業(yè)，外資快遞企業(yè)具有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、雄厚的資金和發(fā)達(dá)的全球網(wǎng)絡(luò)；二是國(guó)有企業(yè)，國(guó)有快遞企業(yè)依靠其背景優(yōu)勢(shì)和完善的國(guó)內(nèi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在快遞市場(chǎng)處于領(lǐng)先地位；三是大型民營(yíng)企業(yè)，大型民營(yíng)快遞企業(yè)在局部市場(chǎng)站穩(wěn)腳跟后，已逐步向全國(guó)擴(kuò)張；四是小型民營(yíng)企業(yè)，這類快遞企業(yè)規(guī)模小、經(jīng)營(yíng)靈活但管理比較混亂，主要經(jīng)營(yíng)特定區(qū)域的同城快遞(intra-cityexpressdelivery)和省內(nèi)快遞業(yè)務(wù)。

Accordingtothenatureandscale,expressdeliveryenterprisesinChinacanbedividedintofourkinds,includingforeign-fundedenterprises,state-ownedenterprises,large-sizedprivateenterprisesand***all-sizedprivateenterprises.Theforeign-fundedenterpriseshaverichexperience,sufficientfundandadevelopedglobalnetwork;thestate-ownedenterprisesleadthemarketduetotheiradvantageousbackgroundandwidespreaddomesticnetwork;thelarge-sizedprivateenterprisesgainafootholdinlocalmarketsandhavegraduallyexpandedtotherestofthecountry;the***all-sizedprivateenterprises,characterizedby***allscale,flexibleoperationandmessymanagement,specializeinintra-cityandprovincialexpressdeliveryinspecificregions.

生物產(chǎn)業(yè)是國(guó)家確定的一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。過(guò)去五年，中國(guó)生物產(chǎn)業(yè)的年均增速超過(guò)了20%。隨著城鎮(zhèn)化和工業(yè)化大幅推進(jìn)，我國(guó)面臨日趨嚴(yán)峻的人口老齡化、食品安全、能源短缺、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化等挑戰(zhàn)。為保障人口健康、糧食安全和推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排，亟須加快新型藥物、作物新品種、綠色種植技術(shù)、生物燃料(biofuel)和生物發(fā)電(bioelectrogenesis)、生物環(huán)保技術(shù)、生物基產(chǎn)品(bio-basedproduct)等的開(kāi)發(fā)培育和推廣應(yīng)用，因此，生物產(chǎn)業(yè)將繼續(xù)呈現(xiàn)高增長(zhǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)。

Thebiologicalindustryisanemergingindustryofstrategicimportancedesignatedbythestate.Duringthepastfiveyears,theannualgrowthrateofChina'sbiologicalindustryhasbeenbeyond20%onaverage.Withlarge-scaleurbanizationandindustrialization,Chinaisfacingworseningchallengessuchastheagingpopulation,foodsafety,energyresourcesshortageandecologicalenvironmentdeterioration.Toensureresidents'health,foodsafetyandthepromotionofenergyconservationandemissionsreduction,thedevelopmentandapplicationofnewdrugs,newcropvarieties,greenplantingtechnology,biofuelandbioelectrogenesis,biologicalenvironmentalprotectiontechnology,andbio-basedproducts,etc.areurgentlyneededtobeaccelerated.Therefore,thebiologicalindustrywillkeephighgrowth.

中國(guó)擁有豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源，是世界上少有的礦產(chǎn)自給自足的國(guó)家之一，所有世界已知的礦產(chǎn)都能在這里找到。迄今為止，地質(zhì)學(xué)家已經(jīng)探明儲(chǔ)量的礦物使中國(guó)在礦產(chǎn)總儲(chǔ)量上位列世界第三。已經(jīng)探明儲(chǔ)量的能源包括煤、石油、天然氣；放射性礦物包括鈾(uranium)和釷(thorium)。中國(guó)可直接利用的煤炭主要分布在北方地區(qū)，尤以山西、內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)、陜西和新疆儲(chǔ)量最為豐富。石油資源主要分布在西北部、東北部以及東部地區(qū)的大陸架(continentalshelf)。

Chinaisrichinmineralresources,andalltheworld'sknownmineralscanbefoundhere,whichmakesChinaoneoftheworld'sfewself-sufficientcountries.Todate,mineralswhosereserveshavebeenconfirmedbythegeologistsmakeChinarankthirdintheworldintotalreserves.Provenreservesofenergysourcesincludecoal,petroleum,andnaturalgas;radioactivemineralsincludeuraniumandthorium.China'scoalreservesthatcanbedirectlyusedaremainlydistributedinNorthChina,withShanxi,theInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,Shaanxi,Xinjiangtakingthelead.PetroleumreservesaremainlyinNorthwestandNortheastChinaaswellasthecontinentalshelvesinEastChina.

湄洲灣(MeizhouBay)是福建省十大新增長(zhǎng)區(qū)域之一，連通向莆鐵路(Xiangtang-PutianRailway)——福建省連接中部和內(nèi)陸腹地運(yùn)量最大、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)最高、最便捷的國(guó)家一級(jí)快速鐵路干線。如果把湄洲灣比作汽車，那么向莆鐵路就是引擎，能提供最直接的動(dòng)力。一條鐵路可以激活一個(gè)港灣。湄洲灣位于福建省中部，這里水深岸闊，可建萬(wàn)噸級(jí)以上泊位(berth)150多個(gè)，是中國(guó)少有、世界不多的多泊位深水良港，被列為國(guó)家重點(diǎn)發(fā)展的四大深水中轉(zhuǎn)港之一。

MeizhouBayisoneoftheteneconomicemergingregionsinFujianProvince.ItconnectswithXiangtang-PutianRailway,whichisanationalleveltrunkrailwaythatconnectsthecentralregionandhinterlandinFujianProvincewiththegreatestvolume,higheststandardandbestconvenience.IfwecompareMeizhouBaytoacar,Xiangtang-PutianRailwayistheengine,offeringthemostdirectpowertoit.Arailwaycanalwaysinjectvitalityintoaharbor.MeizhouBayislocatedinthecenterofFujianProvince.Theharborisdeepanditsshoreisbroad,andmorethan15010-thousand-tonlevelberthscanbebuilthere,whichisadeepwaterharborwithmanyberthsthatisrareinChinaandevenintheworld.Itislistedasoneofthefourdeepwatertransshipmentportsthatthestategivespriorityto.

移動(dòng)互聯(lián)是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)最激烈、創(chuàng)新最集中的領(lǐng)域。移動(dòng)電商或?qū)⒉恢皇请S時(shí)隨地購(gòu)物，O2O(onlinetooffline)也可能迎來(lái)百花齊放，本地化、社交化和無(wú)界經(jīng)營(yíng)(boundlessoperation)可能會(huì)成為O2O新的發(fā)展方向。移動(dòng)電商也許將從普通實(shí)物電商向個(gè)***電商延伸。語(yǔ)音搜索、圖片搜索等新的搜索方式以及基于位置的服務(wù)等相關(guān)功能將成為新的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)點(diǎn)。從電視、電腦再到移動(dòng)設(shè)備的跨屏移動(dòng)廣告(multi-screenmobilead)或?qū)⒊蔀橹髁鳌?/p>

AmongInternetindustries,mobileInternetisthefieldwherethefiercestcompetitionhappensandtheinnovationmostconcentrates.Mobilee-commercemaynotbemerelyfreefromthelimitsoftimeandplace.O2O(onlinetooffline)maywitnessanall-rounddevelopment,andlocalization,socialization,andtheboundlessoperationmaybenewdevelopmentdirections.Mobilee-commercemayextendfrome-commerceofcommonitemstothatofpersonalizedservices.Newsearchingmethodslikethevoicesearchandtheimagesearch,andotherrelevantfunctionslikeservicesbasedonlocationwillbewherethenewcompetitionlies.Multi-screenmobileadsinvolvingtelevisions,computersandmobiledevicesmaybethemaintrend.